385-8 Kinetics of a Non-Shaking Water Extraction Method for Testing Available Soil Phosphorus in Upland Field Soils.



Wednesday, October 19, 2011
Henry Gonzalez Convention Center, Hall C, Street Level

Kenji Kanazawa, Michio Komada and Naoto Kato, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, National Agricultural Research Center, Tsukuba, Japan
Water-extractable phosphorus in soil has been interpreted as a rough index of soil phosphorus fertility, but it might be inadequate as an index to predict phosphorus uptake by crops, propose detailed recommendations for fertilizer application rates, or both. However, a relationship has been reported between the amount of water-extracted phosphorus at equilibrium (Q) and water/soil ratio (w/s ratio, W): 1/Q = b/W + a, where a and b are constants. Using this equation, one could predict the maximum extractable phosphorus as 1/a, corresponding to theoretical extraction with an infinite volume of water, and this value could serve as a capacity factor. We are developing a new non-shaking water extraction (NSWE) method suitable for on-farm applications, and we are interested in whether the 1/Q versus 1/W relationship also holds true for this method. Because NSWE is a closed system, unlike infinite sink type extraction methods such as the ion exchange resin method, phosphorus extraction was anticipated to reach the maximum in a relatively short period, and several extraction periods (up to 48 h) were tested. However, the time required to reach equilibration differed among various w/s ratios and the apparent equilibrium was not experimentally observed in some cases. Therefore, we tested first- and second-order kinetic models, in which Q values can be identified, in order to predict Q for NSWE. Although the first-order model needed slight modification, namely assuming the existence of a very quickly extractable component, the model predicted the temporal change fairly well, and the predicted Q values acceptably fit the 1/Q versus 1/W relationship. The second-order model was slightly less precise in predicting the temporal change. This finding suggests that the maximum extractable phosphorus from NSWE also can be predicted by the 1/Q versus 1/W relationship.
See more from this Division: S08 Nutrient Management & Soil & Plant Analysis
See more from this Session: Measuring and Managing Soil Phosphorus and Potassium