This is a review of cover cropping systems on the sustainable development of the environment via minimizing agricultural impacts for critically environmental challenges. These challenges to threaten the sustainability of environment mainly include soil and water conservation, environmental hazard infiltration, biological benefits and implementation in agriculture, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and other agrichemicals, improving soil and water quality, and potential and prospects in development of bioenergy alternatives, and enhancing soil carbon sequestration for shifting greenhouse gas emission and mitigation of climate change. Appropriate cover cropping systems can play a critical role to face these challenges and concerns due to the physical, chemical and biological attributes.