Oil from Jatropha curcas (Jatropha) seeds is an important biodiesel feedstock in the tropics. Jatropha seed yield is controlled by genetics, environmental conditions, and agronomic management practices. An experiment on Maui Island in Hawai‘i tested the yield response of ten different Jatropha accessions to two levels of irrigation. Vigorous growth and prolific flowering and fruiting within the first year were observed. Differences in seed yield, weight of each seed, number of seeds, number of fruits, number of inflorescences, fruits per inflorescence, number of main branches, and number of branch tips are discussed. Highly fertile soil may have been the major contributor to prolific fruiting. Evidence for high nutrient demand is presented.