Measurement of soil mineralogy typically is a time consuming and expensive process that relies on submission of samples to a laboratory for reference mineralogy determination.  Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy can be used to predict major mineral composition of soil samples in near real-time without the need for expensive and slow laboratory mineralogy measurement.  Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy has been used for estimation of soil mineralogy, ground-truth measurement of over flight sensors for wide area assessment and for estimation of soil carbon flux.  This poster will review various approaches for the determination of soil mineralogy using Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy.