�SEQ CHAPTER \h \r 1Land application of poultry litter provides essential nutrients for crop production, but nitrogen (N) losses to the atmosphere can be detrimental to the environment.� A multi-season study was conducted to quantify ammonia (NH₃) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) volatilization rates from surface applied poultry litter under no-till (NT) and paraplowed (PP) conservation tillage managements.� Litter was applied in the winter and summer at rates of� 100 and 200 kg N ha^-1, respectively.� Evaluation of volatilization rates were determined using gas concentrations and the flux-gradient gas transport technique and the momentum balance transport coefficient.� Nitrous oxide fluxes ranged from 4.4 to 7.6% of total N applied.� Total N₂O losses were about 22% larger during the summer than winter study but a larger percentage of applied N was lost during the winter.� Nitrous oxide losses during the winter were 8.1 and 7.2 kg ha^-1 for the NT and PP treatments, respectively.� Total losses during the summer were 11.2 and 7.4 kg N₂O ha^-1 for the NT and PP treatments, respectively.� The relatively large losses during the winter indicate the importance of year-round measurements for accurate N₂O emission estimates.� The losses found in this study were substantially greater than the 1.25% emission factor used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to estimate global emissions and may have been related to the reduced tillage management practices used in these studies.� Ammonia fluxes ranged from 3.3 to 24% of the total N applied during the winter and summer, respectively.� Ammonia� volatilization was rapid immediately after litter application and stopped within 7 to 8 days.� Precipitation of 17 mm essentially halted volatilization, probably by transporting litter N into the soil matrix.� There was no differences in total NH₃ volatilization between no-till and paraplowed treatments.