Optimizing Camelina Feedstock Production for Fallow Replacement in Wheat-Fallow Rotation.

Reliance on fossil fuels has raised concerns about how habitable the environment will be for future generations. Combustion of fossil fuel contributes to a high rise in atmospheric greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane, which contribute to climate change. In addition, fossil fuel reserves are being depleted, which have led to the gradual increase in cost. This makes reliance on fossil fuels unattractive. A good alternative may be the use of biofuels, which are also biodegradable and can lead to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels. Camelina is a low-cost feedstock for biofuel, and fuel derived from camelina seeds is reported to meet all requirements for engine performance. Despite its potential as a bioenergy feedstock, limited research has been conducted on camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) and its agronomic potential remains largely underexploited. Field experiments were conducted in Sheridan, WY to evaluate planting dates and agronomic performance, nitrogen and sulfur fertility requirements, and optimum harvesting maturity time of spring camelina genotypes. Preliminary results showed that early seeding of camelina allowed good stand establishment and positively impacted seed yield and quality (protein content, oil content and oil composition). Camelina cultivars Pronghorn and Blaine Creek showed promise for dryland production in Wyoming with yields of 1068 and 1018 kg ha^-1, respectively. First-year data showed that camelina did not respond to sulfur application, but responded to nitrogen. Applying nitrogen beyond 56 kg N ha^-1 did not increase the seed yield, harvest index, or oil content. Harvesting camelina at different maturity times was found to affect seed yield, oil content and composition. Our preliminary results confirm that camelina seeding date, nutrient application, and harvesting time could be used as management strategies to optimize camelina feedstock production.