Saturday, 15 July 2006
155-72

The Effects of Integrated Application of Micronutrient on Wheat in Low Organic Carbon Conditions of Alkaline Soils of Western Iran.

Reza Soleimani, Soil and Water Research Institute, Ilam, Iran

Micronutrients such as Zn (Zinc), Fe (Iron) and Mn(Manganese) are very important in plant wheat growth and development. Also, interactions effects of these elements are very complex. In calcareous soils of Southern Ilam in Iran, availability of Zn, Fe and Mn and recovery of these microelements from fertilizers are low. So, this investigation was carried out in order to evaluate efficiency of application of ZnSO4, FeSO4 and MnSO4 and their interactions on yield and yield components of wheat. Experiments were done as factorial in completely randomized block design in Mehran Research Field of Iran. Treatments were as Zn factors (1. Zns = Soil application, 2. Znsf1= Soil application + foliar application with concentration of 0.3%, 3. Znsf2= Soil application + foliar application with concentration of 0.6%, 4. Zn0= Non-application of Zinc Sulphate), Fe factors (foliar and non-application as Fef and Fe0 respectively) and Mn factors (foliar and non-application as Mnf and Mn0, respectively), with three replicates. Analysis of variance of data by using F-Test indicated that effects of factor of Zinc Sulphate application were significant at level of 1%. Also, the grain and straw yield, thousand grains weight (TSW), grains per spike and concentration of Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu were affected by integrated application of soil and foliar of Zinc Sulphate. So, treatments of integrated soil and foliar application of Zinc Sulphate were in higher statistical group using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Increasing of the grain yield in factors of Zns, Znsf1 and Znsf2, in comparison with control (without application) were 17.5, 21 and 22 percent, respectively, in first year and were 15, 17.2 and 18.5 percent, respectively, in second year. Grain per spike in treatment of integrated soil and foliar application with concentration of 0.3% was the same as treatment of integrated soil and foliar application with concentration of 0.6%. These two treatments in comparison with other treatments were in higher statistical group. In other hand, Zinc content of grains in treatment of Znsf2 was higher than the other treatments. So, in combined results, ranges of Zinc concentration of grains were from 30.8 mgkg-1 in treatment of Znsf2 to 21.3 mg kg-1 in control treatment. Increasing of Zn concentration in treatments of soil and foliar application with concentrations of 0.6% and 0.3% respect to non application of Zinc Sulphate were 46.5 and 39 percent, respectively. Fe concentration was reduced by Mn application (Mnf) in á=5%. In other hand, the interaction of Zn-Mn affected the Fe content of grains. Also, integrated soil and foliar application of ZnSO4 affected the Mn and Cu content of grains.

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