Soil and water are the integral part of global natural resources, determined greatly wetlands and its diversity, habitats of thousands aquatic flora and fauna. Categorically, wetlands are lands transitional between terrestrial and permanent wet body, where soil is frequently waterlogged during rainy months. Survival of human civilization is inextricably linked with wetlands which sustained economic stability of hundreds million of people. And this swampy environment of the carboniferous period produced and preserved many of the fossil fuels on which we greatly depend now. In addition, wetlands are certainly important for many of the functions (regulations, production, carrier, information functions etc.). Physico-chemical (biogeochemistry) characteristics of soil and water in wetlands greatly differs relating to permanent (2.5 ± 1.0 m of water depth round the year), semi-permanent (flooding during rainy of 2.0 ± 1.0 - 1.5 m of water depth & drying during summer) and temporary (flooding during rainy of ≤ 2.0 ± 1.0 - 1.5 m of water depth & drying during summer including part of winter) in nature. A typical greyish-black to black-coloured soil dominated by clayey (mucky in nature) is the pre-dominant features in ‘low-lying flood plains' of these zones. Wetland characteristics and its management are thus imperative for sustainable development for mankinds. Proper utilization of wetlands, case studies were undertaken during wet and post-wet months on starch and protein-rich two important and popular aquatic food crops (rooted emergent hydrophytes) under different nutritional and agro-techniques (water chestnut-Trapa bispinosa Roxb. and makhana-Euryale ferox Salisb.) for the improvement of soil and water, which may greatly relates with the economic viability of the resource-poor farm families in the coast and north-eastern plains of the Indian subtropics. Remarkable improvement on fruit & kernel yield, MYE and economic output (GMR, NP and B-C ratio) were exhibited with the system imposed. The soil physico-chemical characteristics like pH (7.16, 7.25), organic C (0.69, 0.71%), organic matter (1.22, 1.31%), ammoniacal N (0.065, 0.078%), nitrate N (0.047, 0.052%), available N (0.072, 0.078%), P (92.0, 131.3 kg ha-1) and K (372.6, 402.4 kg ha-1) are most important for growing such aquatic food crops, respectively. Analysis of such wet bodies represents the water characteristics values like pH (7.07, 7.32), EC (0.72, 0.68 dsml–1), BOD (1.46, 1.98 mg l–1), COD (2.16, 2.57 mg l–1), CO3– (1.39, 1.42 meq.l–1), HCO3– (1.56, 1.88 meq.l–1), NO3–N (29.86, 31.22 µg l–1), SO4–S (387.69, 412.86 mg l–1) and Cl– (168.54, 174.23 mg l–1) is most responsive for both the crops, may be quite adaptable and favourable for effective utilization of this vast waste wetlands for the mankind's safely. All the characters of both soil and water were also significantly influenced by the depth and duration of submergence under this investigation. The enriched soil-biomass may be effective as recycling for arable crop production in the sequence.