Fifteen soil pedons were selected and sampled along the southeastern-northwestern transect in Mt. Tatung, the northern Taiwan. The objectives of this study were (1) to examine the soil changes in the toposequence by the transect sampling; and (2) to investigate the effect of parent material, landscape, and climate changes on the toposequence soil genesis. Ten Inceptisols, three Andisols and two Ultisols were classified. The toposequence were described as follow: Andisols was formed on the summit position of Mt. Tatung with elevation above 900~1100 m; Andic Inceptisols was formed on the southern and northern side with elevation about 400 m; Typic Inceptisols was formed on the landscape position with elevation about 100~400 m; Typic Ultisols was formed on the elevation below 100 m. The results indicated that the volcanic parent material has great effect on the soils formed on the southern side of Mt. Tatung, and most of the soils have volcanic soil characteristics. The landscape change, especially the soil slope, notably affects the former Andisols and change into Inceptisols by landscape disturbance. The soil formation of the northern or western side of Mt. Tatung are affected by the mantle of volcanic materials, that is, Inceptisols with Andic soil properties are formed near the Mt. Tatung, but Typic Inceptisols are formed away. Further, Typic Ultisols are formed close to the sea because of the volcanic effects are gradually smaller and the soil weathering, oxidation, and illuviation are gradually stronger under high temperature and strong precipitation environment.