Saturday, 15 July 2006
137-37

Effect of Dry Layer Thickness on the Evaporation from Surfaces of Different-Sized Glass.

Michiko Hayano, JSPS research fellow / JIRCAS, 1091-1, Maezato, Ishigaki, Japan

Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to study the evaporation from Glass Bead (GB) surfaces in a shallow container placed on a weighing lysimeter. On the upper beads surface, the momentum roughness length was changed with the GB diameter of 2-mm, 5-mm, 12-mm and 30-mm in relation to wind speed variation. Dry layer(DL) thickness beneath the top beads surface could be reduced by controlling the ground water level in the container. Under these conditions, the evaporation rate (Ev) was measured and compared with that from the water surface (Ewater). The results were expressed as a rate of retardant evaporation (1-Ev/Ewater). The 2-mm GB with 5-mm DL thickness reduced evaporation by 60%. However, the 30-mm GB, with 5 mm DL thickness did not affect the evaporation rate. The comparison between the 20 mm and 40 mm DL thickness revealed that although the effective evaporative surface areas were similar, the evaporation rates were at par. These results suggested that evaporation was affected not only by the vapor pressure deficit but also the wind effect on the surface beneath the upper bead surfaces.

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