In Pará State the timber and lumber industries produce large amounts of sawmill waste which, when combined with wastes from slaughterhouses, which are for the most part disposed of with no treatment, causing serious environmental problems to the region. In order to use such materials and to try to reproduce Archeological Black Earths (ABE), an experiment was conducted in 2004 in Tailândia Municipality, in Pará State's Northeast Middle Region, using 68 plots (3 x 3 m each), where mixed combinations of the following wastes: charcoal (C – “Carvão vegetal” ), saw mill dust waste (RPS – “resíduos de pó de serra”), grinded veneer waste (RLT – “resíduos de lâmina triturada”), animal bone, blood and fat waste (RA – “resíduos de ossos, sangue e gordura”) were applied. The experiment utilized randomized blocking for plot distribution. The aim of this work is to quantify the fungi and bacteria population found in the various plots of this New Archeological Black Earth Experiment, by comparing the plot countings' among themselves and with the original soil so that it will be possible to provide data on the process of Black Earth formation as well as the quantification of its microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen substance. The samples were collected in March 2004 (rainy season), at the depths of 0 to 5 and 5 to 10 cm. The number of soil-occurring bacteria and fungi was determined by means of Colony Formation Unity (CFU/UFC), by the use of “Pour Plate” technique for counting in Petri plates. As to the quantification of C and N substance in Microbial Biomass, the fumigation and extraction process was adopted. The results showed that the Bacteria number was bigger than that of Fungi population in all treatments and also in those soils with no waste addition (control plot), whereas there was a larger fungi growth in theplot with waste addition than in the control plots. As to the substance of C and N of Microbial Biomass, the research demonstrated that the carbon amount was higher than nitrogen in all treatments.