South Florida is one of major areas in the United States to produce winter fresh market vegetables due to the favorable weather. However, the major challenges for local growers are high land value, extensive pest pressure, intensive nutrient leaching in gravelly soil by torrential summer rainfall, and a vulnerable environment with a shallow aquifer. All these features make a unique cropping system for a sustainable production in vegetable crops. Some cover crops, particularly sunn hem, sorghum sudangrass, and pearl millet, can grow vigorously during the hot and rainy summer, conserve soil and water, scavenge residual nutrients applied in the previous season and accumulate them in plant tissues. Such an approach has become a dominant practice in reducing nutrient leaching, suppressing field weeds and other pests, and improving crop yield and quality. In addition, growing sunn hemp can effectively suppress root-knot nematodes, which are among most damaging pests in vegetable crops, especially in okra, tomato, and peppers. Therefore, incorporating cover crops into the cropping system has shown a promising potential as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly practice to improve the sustainability of agriculture in this region.