Alternate Water Management Effects on Rice Productivity and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddies are one of the main sources of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) such as methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O). And reducing GHG from paddy is crucial for sustainable rice production. Water management in rice paddy is one of the important factor controlling GHG emission. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of water management practices on rice production, global warming potential (GWP), and GHG intensity (GHGI). A two-season pot scale experiment was conducted with two different water management conditions, continuously flooding in the wet season (CF-WS) and alternate wetting and drying in the dry season (AWD-DS), at a screen house. Our results showed that higher straw biomass influenced to lower grain yield in CF-WS, but the reverse trend was obtained in AWD-DS. Meanwhile, AWD-DS enhanced significant GWP, as compared to CF-WS, due to significant N₂O emission increased under AWD condition. According to grain yield and GHG emission, GHGI of rice production in between CF-WS and AWD-DS was not significantly different due to higher grain yield of AWD-DS and relatively lower grain yield of CF-WS.