High MW Organic Matter Competes with Orthophosphate.

The competition between orthophosphate and water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) for adsorption to iron (oxy)hydroxide mineral surfaces is an important factor in determining the plant bioavailability of P in soils.  Chemical force spectroscopy was used to determine the binding force between orthophosphate and iron (oxy)hydroxide that was coated onto atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips and adsorbed with WEOM.  The chemical composition of the WEOM was determined by ultrahigh resolution electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry.  The results indicate a correlation between aromatic WEOM molecules that are greater than 600 Daltons and the reduced binding force of orthophosphate to WEOM-adsorbed iron (oxy)hydroxide AFM tips suggesting that the molecular mass of aromatic WEOM molecules plays a critical role in regulating the WEOM-P interactions with surface functional groups of minerals.  Based on the results of this study, we show the importance of obtaining a detailed, molecular-scale understanding of soil processes that can help develop better management strategies to reduce waste of limited P resources and adverse environmental impacts.  Specifically, soil amendments with greater content of high molecular mass aromatic components may positively affect P use efficiency in soils by maintaining P is soil solution.