Organic and Conventional Grain Cropping Systems Influence on Soil Parameters.

A field size experiment was initiated in 2001 in Northwest Ohio to compare the agronomic response of certified organic grain cropping systems compared to conventional systems.  The experiment is addressing ways to maintain grain production and economic viability while building soil quality.  The treatments include three certified organic, a conventional no-till, and an integrated conventional grain cropping system.  All treatments consist of 5 replications that are randomized throughout a 30 acre field.  Each treatment has utilized different soil improvement strategies to provide crop nutrients and improve soil quality.  Active carbon at 6-12 inch soil depths was significantly lower in conventional compared to organic cropping.  Soil microbial biomass was also significantly lower in no-till.  Economic returns were higher in the organic systems.  In conclusion, tillage along with soil amendments in the organic systems can economically maintain soil quality compared to conventional cropping systems.