Water Quality Investigations of on-Farm Water Storage Systems in Mississippi: Lessons Learned and Future Directions.

This presentation provides an overview of almost 5 years of monitoring on-farm water storage (OFWS) systems in the Mississippi Delta Region (MDR), and the lessons learned on the role that these systems play as structural BMPs. Information on the environmental benefits of these systems is limited and is of critical importance for sustainable agriculture, and for planning and evaluation of conservation initiatives in the MDR. Analysis of data collected from edge-of-field monitoring has provided insights into the benefits of OFWS systems by addressing some key questions to date: (1) What is the seasonal efficiency of OFWS system in reducing downstream nutrient pollution? (2) What is the quantity and quality of water captured and stored by the OFWS system? (3) What are the impacts of antecedent dry time and rainfall events on water quality? Results have shown significant seasonal water quality changes at different sampling points throughout the OFWS, and more importantly, highlight downstream nutrient reduction. However, recurrent and high intensity rainfall events can overwhelm the OFWS systems and minimize their effectiveness in reducing downstream nutrient pollution. Stored water can be used for irrigation without any adverse effects on soil and crops, based on an assessment of in-situ water quality parameters. In addition, the water savings potential of these systems has been substantial and the volume of pond water used for irrigation reflects the amount of groundwater that was not pumped from the Mississippi Alluvial Aquifer. The intent of these investigations was to provide science-based knowledge for the improvement of nutrient loss management and support of sustainable agriculture in the region.