Studying climate impacts on agricultural production through soil science, plant science, and atmospheric science has become a growing research area in recent years. Emerging insights from adaptive agricultural management and climate-smart agriculture suggest that building resilience to face climate change is a sustainable path to deal with future climate changes, food security, and water resource challenges. This symposium will include not only research reports to inform our understanding of climate response capacity in agricultural systems but also, equally importantly, research collaboration activities conducted in China and United States over recent years.