Subsurface Poultry Litter Application: Experiences and Advances in Maryland and Pennsylvania.

Over the past 15 years, there have been numerous forays into subsurface application of dry poultry litter, starting with inventions in Alabama and Arkansas and radiating to other states, particularly Maryland and Pennsylvania. An array of possibilities has moved the technology from its original form, and it continues to evolve to this day. Experiences with field testing have generally pointed to positive environmental effects, but have also highlighted the limits to these benefits, particularly in production systems with a surfeit of nutrients and long-histories of nutrient accumulation in soils. This presentation is a results of agronomic and environmental study outcomes in Maryland and Pennsylvania, highlighting a combination of short and long-term studies.