Rapid Procedures for Determination of Phytohormones in Turfgrass and Soil.

Phytohormones play important roles in plant growth and development as well as stress responses.  Extraction, purification and analysis of phytohormones are time-consuming and expensive.  Here we reported rapid procedures for extraction, purification, and analysis of various phytohormones in turfgrass plant tissues and soil. Indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid were extracted with sodium phosphate buffer and purified with XAD-7 and analyzed using LC/MS/MS.  Cytokinin was extracted and purified with C-18 cartridge, and analyzed using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gibberellins were analyzed using LC/MS/MS or GC, and ethylene was determined with GC system. These procedures can be used for derermination of phytohormones in plant tissues and soils with high efficiency, excellent recovery and accuracy.