Understanding the Tradeoffs Among N Loss Pathway When Comparing Benefits of Nitrogen Management Approaches.

Evaluating the benefits of alternative N management approaches requires an understanding of the tradeoffs among N loss pathways and concerns associated with each.  Manure injection has been shown to greatly reduce ammonia-N losses and increase crop available N, but increased nitrous oxide emissions can be expected.  Similarly, winter cover crops can trap and conserve N for use by the following crop, but their decomposition can also contribute to nitrous oxide production.  The balance among agronomic, environmental, and economic impacts of each N fate will be considered and contrasted and current gaps in knowledge highlighted.  The impact of indirect emission will also be evaluated.