Herbicide Resistance: Evolution, Mechanisms and Management.

1.0 PM CEU

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Herbicide resistance has become an increasing issue in agriculture.  In order to manage resistance, it is necessary to understand the evolution of resistance and how to identify resistance in the field.  Resistance evolution is related to the biology of the weed species and herbicide use.  There are several indicators of resistance at the field level, e.g. control of other species, irregular patches in the field, plants showing no symptoms of herbicide application.  Confirmation of resistance under controlled conditions is necessary to avoid misidentifying a species as resistant rather that a response to the environment or a misapplication.  Resistance can be endowed by either target or nontarget mechanisms.  A plant may be resistant to herbicide chemical classes with the same site of action (cross-resistance) or to more than one chemical class of herbicides (multiple-resistance).  Resistance management is complicated by the patterns of resistance that occur within a population.